Ekologija

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Evropska agencija za životnu sredinu objavila je izveštaj o kvalitetu vazduha u 2022. godini: https://t.co/KzcCPfdmSG

Ne morate mnogo da tražite po dijagramima, gledajte desno, gde su prekoračenja. pic.twitter.com/irkKmkkNO9

— Dejan Lekić (@djnlkc) April 17, 2023

Molim z RT. Mašina za struganje kablova slajser je kupljena i distribuirana tj data na korišćenje jednom od sakupljača sekundarnih sirovina. Cilj je da pokažemo efikasnu alternativu paljenju i polako razvijamo morežu slajera i granulatora (još bolje, ali dosta skuplje mašine) pic.twitter.com/UZWjqQ2utw

— Eko Straža (@EkoStraza) April 25, 2023

Državni sistem u prekidu od 19.5. u 18.00h!

konjski nil wrote:zhari ne kanade e ajri dhe amerikes
klimatik katastrofe eshte kismet global

паће wrote:Шта, гори негде?

A total of 220,000 hectares have already gone up in smoke in Quebec; at the same time, over the last decade, SOPFEU reported an average of fewer than 250 hectares burned.

New York City is covered in smog from wildfires in Canada

Authorities urged residents to wear masks and respirators. pic.twitter.com/bomZiV0Scr

— NEXTA (@nexta_tv) June 7, 2023

How things look when you zoom out...

This is the second warmest May on record for the global average temperature. pic.twitter.com/jzIFVbwDrB

— Scott Duncan (@ScottDuncanWX) June 7, 2023

FOTO, VIDEO: Velika mrlja na Dunavu kod Novog Sada, pogledajte snimke iz čamca

U Dunavu kod Novog Sada jutros je primećena velika mrlja.

Kako je utvrđeno, u pitanju je gorivo iz bugarskog broda.

Kako se uverio reporter 021.rs, koji se čamcem provozao Dunavom kod Štranda, mrlja zauzima veliku površinu.

Kako su građani javili redakciji, mrlja je primećena oko 9.30 časova uz obalu na Kamenjaru, a potom oko podneva kod Šodroša i Ribarca.

Novosađani koji su se obratili redakciji 021.rs prosledili su i fotografije nepoznate mrlje.

Reporter 021.rs je uočio mrlju oko 13 časova kod Štranda. Na sreću, nije bila u blizini kupača, odnosno nalazila se na tridesetak metara od obale.

Građani koji se nalaze na gradskoj plaži osetili su snažan smrad koji dolazi sa reke.

"Mislio sam da je nešto iz Dunavca, tamo gde su čamci i brodići. Ponekad se oseti miris nafte, masti, ulja, jer se tu pretače gorivo, pa se nekad nešto prospe. Ovo sada traje duže, barem pola sata se oseti neprijatan miris koji dolazi iz pravca reke", kaže jedan od posetilaca Štranda.

Ministarstvo: Utvrđena lokacija za plivajuću branu kako bi se uhvatila naftna mrlja u Dunavu

Nakon izlivanja nafte u Dunav, koje se dogodilo danas, zajedničkom akcijom "Voda Vojvodine" i "Srbijavoda" započeta je sanacija, saopštilo je Ministarstvo poljoprivrede.

Navode da je utvrđena pogodna lokacija na kojoj je moguće postavljanje zaštitne plivajuće brane kako bi se uhvatila naftna mrlja.

"Po postavljanju zaštitne plivajuće zavese, uhvaćena naftna mrlja se odvaja od vodene faze, skladišti i zbrinjava", preciziraju.

Dodaju da su počele sve potrebne procedure kako bi se što brže i delotvornije otklonila sva zagađenja, naftna mrlja iz reke i sve štetne posledice.

Na teren su, nakon inspekcijskog naloga, izašle sve nadležne službe, pokrajinska vodna inspekcija, sektor za vanredne situacije, predstavnici "Voda Vojvodine", sektor za vanredne situacije Bačka Palanke, kao i akreditovana laboratorija Agencije za zaštitu životne sredine.

Novosadska lučka kapetanija podnela je u ranim prepodnevnim časovima prijavu Pokrajinskom sekretarijatu za poljoprivredu da je u blizini Čelareva došlo do akcidenta i da su se iz broda koji plovi pod bugarskom zastavom izlili naftni derivati, rekao je ranije danas pomoćnik sekretara Nemanja Ivanović.

Iz Ministarstva poljoprivrede navode da je reč o brodu "Jumbo" registrovanom u Bugarskoj i da se izlilo 35 tona pogonskog goriva.

Iz Ministarstva zaštite životne sredine je saopšteno da pomor ribe nije detektovan, kao i da je tužilaštvo naložilo uzorkovanje vode.

Navode da je Inspekcija zaštite životne sredine u pripravnosti i spremna da reaguje zbog ovog akcidenta.

https://www.phenomenalworld.org/analysis/global-boiling/

Global Boiling
Kate Mackenzie, Tim Sahay



This July has been the hottest in our recorded history and, most likely, over the last 120,000 years. Four “Heat Domes” across the northern hemisphere—over West Asia, North America, North Africa and Southern Europe—contributed to soaring temperatures, not just breaking but shattering records by [url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/july-2023-sees-multiple-global-temperature-records-broken#:~:text=At this stage%2C it is,and warmest month on record.]several[/url] degrees. High up in the Andes, winter has turned to a blazing summer. The sun has been blotted out by Canada’s enormous fires.

Together with deadly heat came unprecedented rains and flooding, most notably in Delhi and Beijing. It’s not just the carbon cycle but the water cycle that’s been supercharged by fossil-fueled modernity. We should never have called it Earth; ours is an oceanic planet, and most of the extra heat is being absorbed by oceans now hotter than ever before. Their warmed currents have meant that a Mexico-sized chunk of Antarctica failed to refreeze this year.

Increased amounts of water vapor—itself a powerful greenhouse gas—caused by warming on Planet Ocean are in turn turbocharging the vast atmospheric heat engine, causing more extreme weather. Not for nothing has the UN Secretary General Antonio Gueterres declared a new era of “global boiling.” Look closely at the chart below: July is more than four standard deviations outside the 1979–2000 mean.


The  first three weeks of July shattered temperature records. EU’s Copernicus satellite data shows the globally averaged surface air temperature for 1–23 July for each year from 1940 to 2023.

Amid the weather crises, other records have been smashed too: the most air travel passengers in a single day in the US; the highest-ever profits for European carriers IAG and Air France-KLM; record oil consumption and record coal production. Between climate extremes and record fossil fuel profits, political backlash to climate action by right wing parties is gathering strength.

Flow and stock

When I (Tim) was a graduate student in the 2010s, I was miserable about mass denial of the climate emergency. Global warming remained a fringe cause and an afterthought in national politics. In 2012, climate wasn’t even mentioned in the final presidential debate between Mitt Romney and Barack Obama. How could it? Polls had Climate at the bottom of ranked concerns, with Economy at the top.

This decade is different. We are being battered by extraordinary events at an accelerating clip, and today’s public is increasingly aware that we live in an omnicidal anthropocene. That awareness, however, does not necessarily lead to action. On the contrary, there is a threat that the positive but partial developments in climate mitigation could perpetuate the delusion that present action is sufficient.

While we have begun to shift marginal activities—new car purchases, new efficient buildings—to greener technologies, there remains a risk of discounting the extraordinary threat of the already accumulated carbon in the atmosphere.
This comes down to a distinction between the flow and stock of carbon. The planet does not care about the annual rate of emissions (the flow), what matters is the accumulated stock of carbon in the atmosphere—that’s what governs the degree of warming. The thousands of news articles during the pandemic wondering if a drop in emissions predicted a drop in temperatures exemplified the flow misconception. “Climate is a stock-not-a-flow problem” should be something that people are taught in schools. And it’s not just laypeople. A classic paper by John Sterman tested engineers and scientists at MIT and found that they too were clueless about stocks in their mental models of climate change: “​​Adults’ mental models of climate change violate conservation of matter.”

The correct mental model is a bathtub. As long as more is flowing from the tap (our emissions) into the tub (atmospheric stock of carbon) than is being drained by the sink (rain forests, oceans, and so on), the water level in the tub will keep rising. The past five years have been the hottest ever on record—as have twenty of the past twenty-two. This consistent warming trend is a direct consequence of the rising water in the bathtub. It will only get worse as the stock of CO2 rises year on year.

Gradualism and gradualists

Ignorance about the stock problem has corresponded to climate mitigation frameworks long-dominated by gradualism. This sanguine orientation assumes that planetary instability is a problem that can be solved over the next few decades through making incremental changes to energy use. Powerful interests prefer deep cuts to carbon be completed far away in the discounted future, when we would, of course, all be richer.

That motivated gradualism fed into policy tools—implemented or merely proposed—like carbon pricing and “energy transition pathways,” and popularized by concepts like the “McKinsey abatement cost curve.” The consultants asked: what are the cheapest emissions to abate? The low-hanging fruit? Gradualism is rooted in heavily-criticized cost-benefit models. Their logic sounds reasonable if we think that the problem is the rate of carbon emissions and cutting the flow of emissions will reduce global warming. This is not the case. The reason has to do with the stock logic of the greenhouse gas effect.

An irresistible force—the international diffusion of fossil machines—has met an immovable object: planetary catastrophe if exponential accumulation of CO2 continues. Gt = Billion tons.

In 2018, the gradualism started to lose its grip. That year, the IPCC Special Report on the impacts of a 1.5ºC change to global temperature—and the “hothouse earth” paper—were published, and a then 15-year-old Greta Thunberg began leading student strikes for climate awareness every Friday.

Here and now

In India, the Yamuna river broke its banks and flooded three water treatment plants; the Delhi state government warned that it would ration drinking water. Drought in Uruguay left more than half its population without safe tap water to drink. The government is providing people with bottled water as the situation is expected to last for months. 

Whacking the climate stick causes cascading infrastructure breakdowns.

Extremes put enormous stress on farms, power grids, ecosystems, and lives. Subway stations, sewers, roads, bridges, transmission cables, and foundations are all designed with a tolerance level. Supercharged with carbon, nature breaks our engineered world. Never forget that the economy is a wholly owned subsidiary of nature.


Presentation by John Holdren, former science advisor to President Obama.

All these disasters spark talk of a “[url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/19/world/extreme-weather-heat-floods-abnormal-climate-scn/index.html#:~:text=The new normal %E2%80%9Cwrongly conveys,fuel burning and warming continues.]new normal[/url].” That, too, is a form of denial. What we face is planetary instability and disruption of everyday life as burning carbon loads the climate dice so that it throws six after six. Mark Blyth calls it “a giant non-linear outcome generator with wicked convexities. In plain English, there is no mean, there is no average, there is no return to normal. It’s one-way traffic into the unknown.” The earth system is an “angry beast” that we are poking with the carbon stock stick.

Burning oil, gushing cash

The oil and gas sector has seen record profits over the past two years, both in total and for individual companies. The IEA estimates a staggering $4000 billion in profits were made by the entire industry last year, compared to typical annual estimates of $1500 billion. The five biggest international oil companies alone reported a combined $199bn in net profits in 2022. National oil companies profited the most. Saudi Aramco earned $161bn.

The use of these profits is revealing. In oil booms of the past, high prices consistently attracted financiers and producers to invest heavily in new capacity. Exploration continues despite the fact that no new resources can be exploited if we are to stay within the 1.5C limit. But in contrast to the last oil price boom, international companies have pledged smaller amounts of cash to drilling more polluting fuels, suggesting tacit acknowledgement by finance of the faltering prospects for oil and gas demand.

Are they investing in green? No. Companies are responding defensively to a certain future of falling demand. The supermajors are returning cash to shareholders at a furious pace. Petrostates, however, from Saudi Arabia to the Brazilian municipality of Marica are diverting earnings towards diversifying away from a sunsetting industry.

Distribution of cash spending by the oil and gas industry, 2008–2022. Source: IEA 2023; License: CC BY 4.0.

A billion machines

Today rebuilding the world to be cleaner and more resilient will take vast amounts of physical effort and skilled manual work. Whatever your beliefs about—or definition of—economic growth, deindustrialization is not an option.

Social democrats the world over share a correct diagnosis of the climate crisis. The wealthiest create CO2 through: consumption; controlling production; and corralling democracy. The proposed solutions—expand the welfare state and build a “big green state”—create powerful enemies. That is the planetary impasse we find ourselves in.

If the Inflation Reduction Act showering money on a new cohort of US green industrial interests offers the possibility (not without risks and troubling geopolitical escalations) of green capitalism bridging the impasse, some focus must be brought to bear on another stock. Billions of fossil-burning machines—engines, turbines, furnaces—produce CO2 each day. A “shock of the old” is that we still live in the machine age of Victorians.

The climate crisis requires rapid electrification; new ways and machines to move, heat, cool, melt and make things. All those machines have to be made, financed, marketed, and installed.

The twenty-first century is the Age of Consequences. Industrial machines that burn fossil fuels—engines, turbines, furnaces—and brought us prosperity are now unleashing planetary instability. Their early retirement and replacement rate dictates future warming. (Source: Saul Griffith)

We are very early in this process. The IEA estimates that decarbonization will require the amount of power transmission and distribution lines to double and almost triple by 2050. Demand for grain-oriented electrical steel would have to double by 2030.

Cars are one illustration of the stocks and flows problem. There are a billion plus cars on the planet. Sales of internal combustion engine vehicles peaked six years ago, but emissions from road transport won’t peak until 2029. The shift in the flows (sales) towards EVs is already upending political constituencies and threatening international allegiances.

The future is now

Even catastrophes—such as the blazing summer heat still ravaging Europe—don’t directly lead to action. A study found that heat waves in Europe last year killed over 61,000 people. Europe was supposed to be shocked into action after the infamous 2003 heatwave, which killed over 70,000 people, and was the subject of one of the first climate event attribution studies. Without social movements, inaction dominates. Wealthy societies aren’t protected, but they are complacent. The deranged idea—as Amitav Ghosh describes it—that we are safe, that things are under control, that bad things only happen to people who are far away, persists. Anticipating future ruin, we fail to act in the here and now.

Community emergency services can help keep vulnerable elderly and infants cool. Governments can do more to cool people by opening air conditioned public facilities. China has gone further, opening underground bomb shelters to citizens seeking to escape the heat. In Arizona, thirty one days of above 43C/110F heat has led to a surge of deaths and, in a rerun of covid, the government has resorted to extra trailer morgues. 

Creative adaptation is urgent. So is cutting the stocks of CO2 in the atmosphere. This is not the logic of costs and benefits, but of means and ends. Not of economics, but survival.

Na nekoliko lokacija večeras se beleže ekstremno visoke koncentracije PM čestica:

Na državnim stanicama BG Topčiderska zvezda (PM2.5), Zemun Ugrinovačka (PM10) i Popovac PM10.
Na građanskom analizatoru u Bogatiću (PM2.5).

Nema jasnog obrazloženja ove pojave (sem u Popovcu). pic.twitter.com/XzsHr1rN7m

— xEco - Ekstremna ekologija (@eXtreme_ECOlogy) September 13, 2023

(CNN) Human actions have pushed the world into the danger zone on several key indicators of planetary health, threatening to trigger dramatic changes in conditions on Earth, according to a new analysis from 29 scientists in eight countries.

The scientists analyzed nine interlinked “planetary boundaries,” which they define as thresholds the world needs to stay within to ensure a stable, livable planet. These include climate change, biodiversity, freshwater and land use, and the impact of synthetic chemicals and aerosols.

Human activities have breached safe levels for six of these boundaries and are pushing the world outside a “safe operating space” for humanity, according to the report, published on Wednesday in the journal Science Advances.

The nine boundaries, first set out in a 2009 paper, aim to establish a set of defined “limits” on changes humans are making to the planet – from pumping out planet-heating pollution to clearing forests for farming. Beyond these limits, the theory goes, the risk of destabilizing conditions on Earth increases dramatically.

The limits are designed to be conservative, to enable society to solve the problems before reaching a “very high risk zone,” said Katherine Richardson, a professor in biological oceanography at the University of Copenhagen and a co-author on the report.

She pointed to the unprecedented summer of extreme weather the world has just experienced at 1.2 degrees Celsius of global warming. “We didn’t think it was going to be like this at 1 degree [Celsius]” she said. “No human has experienced the conditions that we’re experiencing right now,” she added.

Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adh2458

Abstract
This planetary boundaries framework update finds that six of the nine boundaries are transgressed, suggesting that Earth is now well outside of the safe operating space for humanity. Ocean acidification is close to being breached, while aerosol loading regionally exceeds the boundary. Stratospheric ozone levels have slightly recovered. The transgression level has increased for all boundaries earlier identified as overstepped. As primary production drives Earth system biosphere functions, human appropriation of net primary production is proposed as a control variable for functional biosphere integrity. This boundary is also transgressed. Earth system modeling of different levels of the transgression of the climate and land system change boundaries illustrates that these anthropogenic impacts on Earth system must be considered in a systemic context.

...

A systemic framework for addressing global anthropogenic impacts on Earth system

The scientific updates and analyses presented here confirm that humanity is today placing unprecedented pressure on Earth system. Perhaps most worrying in terms of maintaining Earth system in a Holocene-like interglacial state is that all the biosphere-related planetary boundary processes providing the resilience (capacity to dampen disturbance) of Earth system are at or close to a high-risk level of transgression. In a recent study (18), it was shown that several regional climate tipping points, relevant for stabilizing the global system, have already been or are close to being transgressed, thus weakening global resilience capacity. This implies low/falling resilience precisely when planetary resilience is needed more than ever to cope with increasing anthropogenic disturbances. There is an urgent need for more powerful scientific and policy tools for analyzing the whole of the integrated Earth system with reliability and regularity and guiding political processes to prevent altering the state of Earth system beyond levels tolerable for today’s societies. In addition to more consistent collection and collation of relevant global environmental data, this will require the development of Earth system models that more completely capture geosphere-biosphere-anthroposphere interactions than is the case today. The known interdependence of planetary boundaries is confirmed by Earth system science understanding (14, 22) of the planet as an integrated, partially self-regulating, system. To better understand the risk to this system and the critical boundaries that humankind should consider in its economic and social activities, Earth system analysis now has to continue advancing a planetary boundaries framework. In addition, it must substantially increase the ecological realism of simulation and analyses of the biosphere as an adaptive core entity of Earth system. These initiatives are underway but have to be further developed into a coherent process of integrated Earth system analysis across the physical, chemical, and biological domains not focused just on climate.

Successfully addressing anthropogenic climate change will require consideration of internal biosphere-geosphere interactions within Earth system. Our model results demonstrate that one of the most powerful means that humanity has at its disposal to combat climate change is respecting the land system change boundary. Bringing total global forest cover back to the levels of the late 20th century would provide a substantial cumulative sink for atmospheric CO2 in 2100. This reforestation seems unlikely, however, given the current focus on biomass as a replacement for fossil fuels and the creation of negative CO2 emissions via bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. Both activities are already serving to increase pressure on Earth’s remaining forest area. Nevertheless, our study indicates that failure to respect the land system change planetary boundary can potentially jeopardize efforts to achieve the global climate goals adopted in the Paris Agreement.

Meanwhile, this update of the planetary boundaries framework may serve as a renewed wake-up call to humankind that Earth is in danger of leaving its Holocene-like state. It may also contribute to guiding the substantial human opportunities for sustainable development on our planet. Scientific insight into planetary boundaries does not limit, but stimulates, humankind to innovation toward a future in which Earth system stability is fundamentally preserved and safeguarded.

ficfiric wrote:Odakle sad ovo kad nema lozenja? I u Sapcu je visok nivo pm cestica

ficfiric wrote:Odakle sad ovo kad nema lozenja? I u Sapcu je visok nivo pm cestica

Na nekoliko lokacija večeras se beleže ekstremno visoke koncentracije PM čestica:

Na državnim stanicama BG Topčiderska zvezda (PM2.5), Zemun Ugrinovačka (PM10) i Popovac PM10.
Na građanskom analizatoru u Bogatiću (PM2.5).

Nema jasnog obrazloženja ove pojave (sem u Popovcu). pic.twitter.com/XzsHr1rN7m

— xEco - Ekstremna ekologija (@eXtreme_ECOlogy) September 13, 2023